Sweden was one of the first countries in the world to recognise the growing environmental problems and include these on the political agenda. Environmental awareness increased during the 1960s and older regulations governing health care and water pollution were replaced by new legislation to control the emissions of all types of pollution. In 1972, Sweden hosted the UN conference on the Human Environment, in Stockholm, which placed the environment on the international agenda and laid the foundations for greater insight into global environmental threats.
Today, it is accepted that environmental issues affect all aspects of society, from large production systems to the lifestyle of individuals. In Sweden, we have reached far in controlling urban and industrial point source pollution. The challenge now is to focus more on the environmental impact during the life cycle of products, as well as on certain sectors with responsible for a relatively large part of the present environmental impact, e.g. the transport and the agricultural sectors. As a result, environmental policy is now more addressing issues related to products, for instance recycling and waste minimisation, as well as infra-structure and lifestyles. This general trend is found in most industrialised countries.
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